A Review on Hydroponics and the Technologies Associated for Medium- and Small-Scale Operations

According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of United Nations, world population will reach nine billion people in 2050, which 75% live urban settlements. One biggest challenges be meeting demand for food, as farmland is being lost climate change, water scarcity, soil pollution, among other factors. In this context, hydroponics, an agricultural method that dispenses with soil, provides a viable alternative address problem. Although hydroponics has proven its effectiveness on large scale, there are still implementing technique small specifically suburban settings. Also, rural communities, where availability suitable technologies scarce. Paradigms such Internet Things Industry 4.0, promote Precision allowing control variables pH, electrical conductivity, temperature, others, resulting higher production resource savings.